Line spacing machine



March 30, 1937.

H. c. JONES 2,075,201

LINE SPACING MACHINE Filed May 4, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l WW; @j

Ma@ WM ATTORNEYS March 30, 1937. H. c. JONES 2,075,201

u LINE SPACING MACHINE Filed May 4, 1934 2 sheets-sheet 2 m #f 'if s 5 QN N P n QI g WM a g INVENTOR Mgg?? cfm ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 30, 1937UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE 12 Claims.

This invention relates-toline spacing machines, and is adapted for usein'an auxiliary capacity with relation to the machine which is disclosedin my copending patent application Serial No.

723,467, filed May 2, 1934, and which includes the feature of effectingline justification during a typewriting operation; as well as in asimilar capacity with relation to a similar machine for which I am aboutto file an application for United States Letters Patent, identified asSerial No.

733,012, filed June 29, 1934, and which includes the feature ofeffecting line justification while carrying out a. typing operationphotographically.

In the machines above mentioned which include the feature of. effectingline justification, no

provision is made for effecting what may be termed column-justification,as for example, where the length of a column of subject-matter exceeds adefinite column length with respect to 0 which justification is to beeffected, or, as for expositive or of a negative character` Anotherobject of the invention is to provide means whereby a line or aplurality of lines of the subject-matter of the original may be renderedineffective with relation to the final or justified copy,

as when substitutions are to be made for such line or lines, whileat'the same time providing on that copy suflicient space to lateraccommodate such line substitutions' as are required. I

Other objects and advantages of the invention 40 will become apparentfrom the following description when taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machineembodying the invention; Fig. 1A is a fragmental view showing a sheet oftransparent or translucent paper adapted for the reception of typedsubjectvmatter; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;Fig. 3 is a fragmental view in elevation of a modified form oftranslating support for a printreceiving element; Fig. 4 is a verticalsectional view of a housing adapted for the reception of the supportshown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is aA horizontal sectional view taken on line5-5 of Fig. 4 and showing the relation of that housing to its associatedlight shield or bellows, and Fig. 8 is a.

view showing on an enlarged scale certain elements of the shutteractuating and control means appearing in Figs. 1 and 2.

In the present form of the invention, there is provided a suitablesupport which includes a pair of horizontally disposed rails 5, carryinga pair of racks 6, adapted to cooperate with pairs of pinions 1 and 8secured, respectively, to adjusting shafts I0 and I I, each of whichshafts is provided at one end with a thumb wheel I2. The shafts IIJ andI I are journalled in pairs of brackets I4 and I5, respectively, thebrackets Il being carried by a vertically disposed light-tight magazineI6, which is mounted for horizontal adjustment on the rails 5, and thebrackets I5 being carried by a similar magazine I1, which is alsomounted for horizontal adjustment on the rails 5.

Supported for movement with the magazine I6, is a horizontally disposedshaft I8, adapted to receive a roll of transparent or translucentmaterial 2|), such as paper, bearing typed subject-matter to bejustified in column formation and provided at its longitudinal `marginswith perforations as shown at 2I in Fig. 1A, the material 20 beinghereinafter referred to as a print-producing eiement or negative. Oneend of the negative 20 is connected to a take-up roller 22, journalledin the upper end of the magazine I6 and with which is associated a.suitable spring, not shown, carried within a housing 24, the purpose ofsuch spring being to maintain the negative tautand to wind it onto thetake-up roller as it is released from the roll carried by the shaft I 8.It will be understood, of course, that the strength of the take-upspring just mentioned may be suicient to maintain the negative taut andwind it onto the takeup roller 22 without causing displacement of thenegative except as it is released from its source of supply in a mannerhereinafter more particularly described.

J ournalled in the lower end of the magazine I6 is a horizontallydisposed shaft 25, to which are secured a pair of sprocket Wheels, oneof which is indicated by the numeral 2B, the teeth of the sprocket beingadapted to enter the perforations 2I of the negative as it is deliveredfrom the roll carried by the shaft I8. Supported by the shaft 25 forrelative movement thereon, is a ratchet arm 21, to which is pivotallyconnected a spring tensioned pawl 28, adapted to cooperate with aratchet wheel 30, secured to the shaft 25. The outer end of the ratchetarm 21 is provided with an elongated slot 3|, adapted for the receptionof a pivot pin 32, carried at one end of an actuating link 34, the otherend of which is pivotally connected to one arm 35 of a bell-crank lever36. 'I'he bell-crank lever 36 is pivotally supported, as at 31, on aframe member 38, carried by and movable with the magazine I6, thebell-crank lever 5 being normally held in its position shown in Fig. lby a tension spring 40, one end of which is connected to the bell-cranklever and the other end of which is anchored to theframe member. Carriedby the lower ends of a pair of arms 4| depending from the frame member38, is a stationary screw-threaded shaft-like rod 42, on which ismounted for longitudinal adjustment an internally screw-threaded hub 44,carrying an adjusting disc 45, the hub 44 being provided with a thumbwheel 46, by which it and its associated disc may be moved to variouspositions of adjustment longitudinally of the shaft-like rod. Alsocarried by the shaft-like rod 42, is a locking nut 41, by which the hub44 and its associated adjusting disc 45 may be locked in any position ofadjustment on the shaft-like rod 42.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that by moving the adjustingdisc 45 to one position or another on the shaft-like rod 42 theeffective fulcrum length of the ratchet arm 21 may be varied to controlthe extent of intermittent motion of the shaft 25, in response tooperations of the `bell-crank lever 36 by means hereinafter moreparticularly described. For example, if the adjusting disc 45 ispositioned to the left of its position shown in Fig. 1, the extent towhich the pin 32 moves toward the center of rotation of the shaft 25 asthe bell-crank lever 36 moves in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig.1 will be de- 35 creased, with the result that the extent of movement ofthe ratchet arm 21 will be similarly decreased; whereas if the adjustingdisc is moved to the right of its position shown in Fig. 1, the extentto which the pin 32 will move toward the center of rotation of the shaft25 as the bell-crank lever 36 is rotated in a clockwise direction willbe increased. 'Ihus, it will be seen that in order to decrease theextent of movement of the negative 20, the release of which from theroll is controlled 45 by the ratchet wheel 30, the adjusting disc 45 ismoved to the left with reference to its position shown in Fig. 1,whereas a movement of that disc to the right from its position shown inFig. 1 will effect an increased movement of the negative in response toeach operation of the bell-crank lever 36. It will be understood thatthe extent to which the negative 26 is to be intermittently moved isdependent upon the spacing between the lines of subject-matter thereon,each movement of the negative being adapted to effect registration of aline of its subject-matter with a light slot 48, formed in and extendingtransversely of the rear wall of the magazine I 6, the slot beinglocated in front of a suitable source of light, such as a lampdiagrammatically indicated by the numeral 5| and shown in associationwith a reflector or housing 52.

Carried by the magazine I6 at the rear thereof, is a light-excludingbellows 54, connected at its outer end to a housing 55, within which iscarried through the medium of a Bowden wire 51, the reciprocatingelement of which, at its free end, is provided with a button 58, adaptedfor cooperation with a shutter actuating mechanism, hereinafter moreparticularly described. The housing 55 is also connected to the outerend of a light-excluding bellows 60, which is similar to the bellows 54and is connected to the rear Wall 6| of the magazine I1 in a properrelation to a light slot 62, formed in that wall and corresponding tothe slot 48 hereinbefore described.

The magazine |1 is adapted toreceive a printreceiving element 64, suchas a roll of sensitized paper, carried by a horizontally disposed shaft65, the sensitized paper being provided at its margins with a series ofperforations such as those provided in the negative 20 and indicated inFig. 1A by the numeral 2|, the perforations of the sensitized paper 64being adapted to receive the teeth of a pair of sprockets 26',corresponding to the sprockets 26 hereinbefore described. The sprockets26' are secured to a shaft 25', which is *journalled in the magazine |1and corresponds to the shaft 25 hereinbefore described. The shaft 25 isintermittently actuated through the instrumentality of meansconstituting a duplication of the actuating means hereinbefore describedin connection with the shaft 25; and for that reason and with the viewto obviating the necessity for duplication of description, such elementsof the latter actuating means as are herein shown and as constituteduplicates of the corresponding elements of the rst actuating means areindicated by corresponding reference characters which are primed.Moreover, it is to be noted that the take-up mechanism for thesensitized paper 64 is a duplication of the take-up mechanism for thenegative 20 in that it includes a take-up roller 22', adapted to berotated in a counter clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, by meansof a takeup spring, not shown, which vis housed Within a suitablehousing 24', corresponding to the housing hereinbefore described inconnection with the take-up spring for the take-up roller 22.

The actuating means for the Bowden wire 51 which controls the shuttermechanism 56, hereinbefore mentioned, includes an electric motor 66,which is suitably supported with relation to one of the rails 5 and tothe shaft 61 of which is connected a cam disc 68. Formed in the disc 68is an annular cam race or channel 16, adapted for the reception of a camroller or pin 1|, carried at the lower end of a reciprocatory link 12,secured at its upper end to an actuating arm 14, the opposite end s ofwhich are disposed above and are adapted to cooperate with thebell-crank levers 36--36' to move them about their pivot points againstthe action of their associated springs 40-40'. The actuating arm 14 issecured to the upper ends of a pair of guide rods 15, which are slidablyattached to one of the rails 5 by a pair of sleeves 16, within which thelower ends of the guide rods are adapted to reciprocate. Secured to themotor shaft 61, is a segmental gear 11, the relatively few teeth ofwhich are adapted to periodically mesh with a pinion I3, adapted tocooperate with a disc-like spur gear 18, mounted for rotation on themotor shaft 61, whichis journalled in a pair of brackets IS and 23secured to one of the rails 5 and Within which are journalled oppositeends of the shaft 29 carrying the pinion I 3. The disc-like gear 18 isprovided with an annular group of control pins 84, which are disposedparallel to the axis of rotation of the gear and are adapted to beshifted longitudinally so that all or any number of them may bepresented at one side orv the other of the gear. These control pins,when positioned as shown in Figs. 1 and 6, are adapted to cooperate withthe depending arm of a bell-crank lever 86, which is pivotallyconnected, as at 81, to an upwardly extending arm 88, carried by thebracket I9, the other arm 96 of the bell-crank lever being disposeddirectly beneath the button 58, carried by the reciprocating element ofthe Bowden wire 51, hereinbefore described, the sheath for thereciprocating element of the Bowden wire being anchored to the arm 88,as shown at 9i. Y

From the foregoing, it will be understood that as thel motor 66 isoperated, the actuating arm 14 is moved up and down under the action ofthe cam disc 68, with the result that the bell-crank levers 36-36' aresimultaneously oscillated about their respective pivot points. As thebell-crank lever 36 is actuated, the negative 20 provided with typedsubject-matter in line formation is moved 15 upwardly to bring eachsuccessive line into registration with the light slot 48, it beingunderstood 'that the extent of movement of the negative for@ eachbell-crank operation is dependent upon the adjustment of the disc 45,which adjustment is determined, of course, by the line spacing peculiarto the subject-matter of the original. Likewise, the sensitizedprint-receiving material 64 is moved in response to operation of thebell-crank lever 36', the extent of movement being according to thelline spacing desired in the finished copy and determined, of course, bythe position of adjustment of the disc 45'. Pursuant to completion ofsimultaneous movement of the negative 20 and the print-receivingmaterial 64, and while those elements are at rest, one of the pins 84 ofthe intermittently actuated disc-like gear 18 will so move thebell-crank lever 86 as todisplace the reciprocating element of theBowden wire thereby open and close the shutter 56 disposed intermediatethe light shields `i4-60, it being understood that for each shutteroperation a line of subject-matter provided on the negative 26 will bephotographically exposed with relation to the sensitized material 64.Thus it will be appre- 0 ciated that regardless of what may be the linespacing of the original subject provided on the negative 2 0, anydesired spacing between line exposures on the sensitized material 64 maybe attained, with the result that a definite column i length on theoriginal may be shortened or len-gthened, as desired, in the final copy.It will, of course, be understood that when conditioning the machine foroperation the magazines I6 and l1 are adjusted longitudinally of therails 5 to 0 their respective proper focal positions, regardless ofwhether the reproduced subject-matter is to be of the same size as theoriginal, or larger or smaller than the original.

Should the original contain, for example, a line 5 of subject-matter,reproduction of which is not desired, the shutter 56 may be renderedineffective with respect to that line by moving the pin 84,corresponding to that line, to a position such that it will project fromthe right of the o disk-like gear 18, as viewed in Fig. 1, where it isrendered ineffective with respect to the bellcrank lever 86. Suchdisplacement of the pin 84, however, does not alter the intermittentmovement of the negative 20 or the intermittent movement of thesensitized material 64. Inasmuch as the print-receiving material 64 ismoved despite the fact that the shutter 56 is maintained inactive underthe assumed conditions, space is aforded on the sensitized material forthe substif tution, by exposure pursuant to a given exposurerun, of aline of subject-matter in lieu of the unexposed line of the original.Although. the foregoing example assumes obliteration of only a singieline, it is obvious that as many lines, regard- Y* less of theirposition on the original, may be f 51 and' deleted as are desired, theonly requisite being that pins 84 corresponding, respectively, to thelines to be deleted shall be moved to an inoperative position withrelation to the bell-crank lever 86.

Although the description of the operation of the apparatus thus farassumes a transparent or translucent negative 26, it is obvious that thesubject-matter may be carried on an opaque medium and reproduced inthemanner described, without disturbing the various elements of the machineexcept for removing the bellows-like shield 54 so as to permit light, asfor example from an articial source, to strike the subject from theright as viewed in Fig. '1.

Instead of employing a roll-form of negative 28 or a roll-form ofsensitized material 64, a flat sheet-like negative or a flat sheet-likeprint-receiving element may be employed. Because of the substantialidentity of the means making possible the use of a negative and of aprint-receiving element, both in flat form as contrasted with roll form,illustrations of only one such means is here deemed necessary, and it isillustrated in Figs. 3 to 5 as for use with a print-receiving element.

Referring particularly to Figs. 3 to 5, it will be noted that thebottom'wall 92 of the magazine I1' is provided with an opening 94, withwhich is associated a depending bag-like shield 95 of suitable material,such as cloth or the like. The opening 94 and the bag-like shield 95 areadapted to accommodate a. vertically movable mat 96, to the face ofwhich is attached, by clamps 91 or other suitable means, a glass plate89, beneath which is held a fiat sensitized print-receiving element,such as a sheet of paper 64', correspondingto the material 64hereinbefore described. To the rear of the mat 96, there are attached apair of racks 98, which are adapted to mesh with the pair of pinions|00, carried by the shaft 25', the intermittent operation of which iseffected by the bell-crank lever 36 in the manner hereinbeforedescribed.

As to the operation of the modied form of the invention shown in Figs. 3to 5, no description is deemed necessary, in view of the description ofthe operation of the apparatus shown in Fig. l, other than to mentionperhaps that the mat 96 is so translated step by step as to movedefinite print-receiving areas into registration with the light slot 62'of the magazine l1', the extent of intermittent movement of the mat 96being determined by the position of adjustment of the disc From theforegoing description of the forms of the present invention, it will beappreciated that either a transparent or an opaque subject-bearingmaterial may be employed, and that a true copy of the subject-matter maybe reproduced in iinal form on either a transparent or an opaquecopy-bearing medium, the line spacing of which may be the same as, vorgreater than or less than theline spacing peculiar to the original inorder to meet varying requirements.

Aside from the modifications herein shown and described, it will beunderstood that other changes may be made without departing from thespirit of the invention or the scope of the foiiowing claims. i

l. A line spacing machine for photographically reproducingsubject-matter in line formation, a

-print producing element carrying subject-matter'in line formation, aprint receiving element adapted to receive the lines of subject-matter,

means for moving the first element and the second elementintermittently, means operable pursuant to said movements for exposingthe second element with reference to a line of subject-matter on the rstelement, and means for varying the extent of intermittent movement ofthe first element including a ratchet wheel, a movable paWl engaging thewheel, and means for adjusting the stroke of the paWl.

2; A line spacing machine for photographically reproducingsubject-matter in line formation, a print producing element carryingsubject-matter in line formation, a print receiving element adapted toreceive the lines of subject-matter, means for moving the first elementand the second element intermittently, means operable pursuant to saidmovements for exposing the second element with reference to a line ofsubject-matter on the rst element, and means for varying the extent ofintermittent movement of the second element including a vratchet Wheel,and means for adjusting the movement of the wheel.

3. A line spacing machine for photographically reproducingsubject-matter in line formation, a print producing element carryingsubject-matter in line formation, a print receiving element adapted toreceive the lines of subject-matter, means for moving the rst elementand the second element intermittently, means operable pursuant to saidmovements for exposing the second element with reference to a line ofsubject-matter on the iirst element, adjusting means for varying theextent of intermittent movement of. the first element, and adjustingmeans for varying the extent of intermittent movement of the secondelement, said adjusting means being operable independently of eachother.

4. A line spacing machine for photographically reproducingsubject-matter in line formation, a print producing element carryingsubject-matter in line formation, a print receiving element adapted toreceive the lines of subject-matter, means for moving the first elementand the second element intermittently, and means selectively operablefor exposing the second element with reference to predetermined lines ofsubject-matter on the rst element comprising a series of spacedshutter-controlling members selectively movable into and out ofshutter-controlling position.

5. A line spacing machine for photographically reproducingsubject-matter in line formation, a print producing element carryingsubject-matter in line formation, a print receiving element adapted toreceive the lines of subject-matter, means for moving the first elementand the second element simultaneously and intermittently including -amotor and means for operatively connecting the motor to said elements,and means selectively operable pursuant to and with relationrfto certainof said simultaneous movements for exposing the second element withreference to lines of subject-matter on the first element correspondingto said certain movements including a series Aof similar members movableselectively and independently of each other into and out of theirrespective operative positions.

6. A line spacing machine for photographically reproducingsubject-matter in line formation, a print producing element carryingsubjectmatter in line formation, a print receiving ele- I ment adaptedto receive the lines of subjectmatter, means for moving the firstelement and the second element simultaneously and intermittently, meansselectively operable pursuant to and with relation to certain of saidsimultaneous movements for exposing the second element with reference tolines of subject-matter on the rst element corresponding to said certainmovements, said selectively operable means including shutteractuatingmeans comprising a rotatable element, and a plurality of pinscorresponding to the lines of subject-matter on the first element andadapted to be selectively positioned in shutter controlling position.

' 7. In a machine of the character described, meansfor tensioning andholding fiat a flexible sheet of copy, a second means for tensioning andholding fiat a flexible light sensitive sheet, means for advancing thesheets simultaneously and intermittently through respectivepredetermined distances, means for varying the relative distance throughwhich said sheets are advanced, and means mechanically connected to theadvancing means for simultaneously exposing spaced corresponding areasof said sheets successively, including a shutter, a Wheel provided withadjustable pins, and a bell-crank-lever movable by the pins andmechanically connected to the shutter; f

8. In a machine of the character described, a normally closed shutter,and means for simul-` taneously opening the shutter and for moving asheet across the shutter including a motor, intermittently operatingmeans actuated by the motor for moving the sheet including a pawl, meansfor adjusting the stroke of the pawl, and a ratchet wheel operated bythe pawl, and an operative connection between the motor and the shutterfor actuating the shutter.

9. In a machine of the character described, means for intermittentlymoving a pair of sheets, means for varying the extent of the movement ofeach of said sheets, means for exposing successive transverse areas ofone of the sheets to a corresponding area of the other sheet, andselective means for rendering the exposing means inoperative whenpredetermined areas of the sheets are arranged in position for exposureincluding a series of spaced pins each movable into and out of operativeposition.

10. In a machine of the character described, means for moving a memberinto position to expose a predetermined area thereof, including aratchet Wheel, a pawl .engaging the Wheel and means for varying thestroke of the pawl, means controlled by the moving means for exposingsaid area, and means for controlling the operation of the exposingmeans.

l1. In a machine of the character described, means for moving a pair ofmembers into position to expose corresponding areas thereof, and meansfor varying the extent of the movement of said members comprising apivoted lever for each of said members, a reciprocatory member connectedto and operating said pivoted levers, a second pair of levers eachpivoted at one end thereof to an end of one of said pivoted levers, anadjustable fulcrum for each of said second pair of levers, and means foroperatively connecting the other end of each of said second pair oflevers to the first-mentioned pair of members respectively wherebymovements of said reciprocatory member, said pivoted levers and said oneend of each of said second pair of levers is constant while the movementof said other ends of said second pair of levers is variable anddependent on the adjustment of said fulcrum.

connecting the other end of said second lever to said first-mentionedmember, and means for varying the movement of said other end of saidsecond lever to vary the movement of said connecting means, saidlast-mentioned means including an adjustable fulcrum for said secondlever.

HARRY C. JONES.

